Quantitative Analysis of the Intra- and Inter-Individual Variability of the Normal Urinary Proteome
J Proteome Res. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
Nagaraj N, Mann M.
Urine is a readily and noninvasively obtainable body fluid. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has shown that urine contains thousands of proteins. Urine is a potential source of biomarkers for diseases of proximal and distal tissues but it is thought to be more variable than the more commonly used plasma. By LC-MS/MS analysis on an LTQ-Orbitrap without prefractionation we characterized the urinary proteome of seven normal human donors over three consecutive days. Label-free quantification of triplicate single runs covered the urinary proteome to a depth of more than 600 proteins. The median coefficient of variation (cv) of technical replicates was 0.18. Interday variability was markedly higher with a cv of 0.48 and the overall variation of the urinary proteome between individuals was 0.66. Thus technical variability in our data was 7.5%, whereas intrapersonal variability contributed 45.5% and interpersonal variability contributed 47.1% to total variability. Determination of the normal fluctuation of individual urinary proteins should be useful in establishing significance thresholds in biomarker studies. Our data also allowed definition of a common and abundant set of 500 proteins that were readily detectable in all studied individuals. This core urinary proteome has a high proportion of secreted, membrane, and relatively high-molecular weight proteins.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21126025
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